SEQUENCE=sequence_type ASCII Specifies ASCII collating sequence, which is the default sequence. EBCDIC Arranges characters according to EBCDIC sequence. The characters remain in ASCII representation; only the order is changed. MULTINATIONAL Arranges characters according to Multinational sequence, which collates the international character set. When you use the Multinational sequence, characters are ordered according to the following rules: o All diacritical forms of a character are given the collating value of the character (A',A",A` collate as A). o Lowercase characters are given the collating value of their uppercase equivalents (a collates as A, a" collates as A"). o If two strings compare as equal, tie-breaking is performed. The strings are compared to detect differences due to diacritical marks, ignored characters, or characters that collate as equal although they are actually different. If the strings still compare as equal, another comparison is done based on the numeric codes of the characters. In this final comparison, lowercase characters are ordered before uppercase. Care should be taken when sorting or merging files for further processing using the Multinational sequence. Sequence checking procedures in most programming languages compare numeric characters. Because Multinational is based on actual graphic characters and not on the codes representing those characters, normal sequence checking does not work. user-defined-sequence Specifies a user-defined collating sequence. Define a collating sequence by specifying a string of single or double characters or ranges of single characters. (A double character is any set of two single characters collated as if they were one character. For example, "CH" can be defined to collate as "C".) This string should be enclosed in parentheses. You can also represent characters by their corresponding octal, decimal, or hexadecimal values using the radix operators: %O, %D, %X. You must observe the following rules when defining your collating sequence: o Enclose characters in quotation marks (" "). o Separate each character and character range with a comma, and enclose the entire list in parentheses. o Give all the characters appearing in the character keys in the sort or merge operation a collating value. Any character not given a collating value will be ignored unless the FOLD or MODIFICATION options are specified. o Do not define a character more than once. o Do not specify the null character by using quotation marks (""). Instead, use a radix operator such as %X0. o Specify quotation marks by enclosing them within another set of quotation marks ("" "") or by using a radix operator. MODIFICATION=(character operator character) Specifies a change to the collating sequence specified in the SEQUENCE option. You can modify the ASCII, EBCDIC, Multinational, or user-defined sequence. The sequence being modified must be specified with the SEQUENCE qualifier even if the sequence is the default (ASCII). character Specifies a character in the collating sequence. You can specify a single or double character. A double character is any set of two single characters collated as if they were a single character. Enclose the character in quotation marks. operator Specifies the operator used to compare the characters. You can specify greater than (>), less than (<), or equal to (=). These are the kinds of changes permitted in the MODIFICATION option: o A single or double character can be equated to a single character that has already been assigned a collating value ("a"="A"). o A single or double character can collate after a single character that has already been assigned a collating value ("CH">"C"). o A single or double character can collate before a single character that has already been assigned a collating value ("D"<"A"). o A double character can be equated to a previously defined double character ("CH" = "SH"). o A single character can be equated to a double character sequence ("C" = "CH"). IGNORE Specifies that Sort/Merge ignore a character or character range in the collating sequence when making an initial comparison. Note that, when tie-breaking takes place, Sort/Merge considers the characters specified with the IGNORE qualifier. Tie-breaking takes place when two or more strings have compared as equal and the Multinational sequence is being used or when two or more strings have compared as equal and the TIE_BREAK qualifier has been specified. FOLD Specifies that all lowercase letters be given the collating value of their uppercase equivalents. For ASCII, EBCDIC, and user- defined sequences, the lowercase letters are a to z. Because the lowercase letters in the Multinational sequence already have the collating value of their uppercase equivalents, using FOLD is unnecessary. TIE_BREAK Specifies whether or not Sort/Merge should use numeric values to break any ties between characters that have equivalent values. By default, tie-breaking occurs with the Multinational sequence. Specifying NOTIE_BREAK overrides this default and ensures that no further comparisons are made after the initial comparison. A TIE_BREAK option must be specified for the ASCII, EBCDIC, and user-defined sequences in order for tie-breaking to occur. TIE_ BREAK should be used when specifying FOLD or MODIFICATION for the these sequences.