The Accounting utility (ACCOUNTING) produces reports of system
resource use.
You can use ACCOUNTING qualifiers to:
o Produce a number of report formats
o Choose how the reports are organized
o Choose on which resources you want reports
You can use the reports to learn more about how the system is
used and how it performs.
1 – Usage Summary
Produces reports of resource use.
Format
ACCOUNTING [filespec[,...]]
filespec[,...]
Specifies the accounting files you want to process.
Each file specification can include the percent (%) and asterisk
(*) wildcard characters. If it does not include the device or
directory, your current default device or directory is used.
If it does not include the file name or file type, the values
ACCOUNTNG and DAT are used respectively.
If you do not specify a file, the command processes the file
SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT.
2 – Description
Use this DCL command to run the Accounting utility:
$ ACCOUNTING [filespec[,...]]
You are returned to DCL level when the command has finished
processing the specified accounting files.
By default, the command directs its output to the current
SYS$OUTPUT device. If you want to direct the output to a file,
use the /OUTPUT qualifier.
Requires READ access to the accounting files you specify, and to
the directories containing them.
3 /ACCOUNT
Selects or rejects records for the specified account names.
Format
/ACCOUNT=([-]account[,...])
3.1 – Description
The /ACCOUNT qualifier uses the value of the account field to
select records for processing. This field is present in all
records except file backward link and file forward link records.
The /ACCOUNT qualifier selects only records that have the
specified values in the account field. If you precede the values
with a minus sign, it selects all records except those with the
specified values.
The following table shows the values stored in the account field
of login failure and system initialization records.
Value Description
<batch> Batch job login failure
<det> Detached process login failure
<login> Interactive login failure
<net> Network login failure
<start> System startup
Note that when you specify these account field values as
qualifier values, you must enclose them in quotes. Like all DCL
commands, the ACCOUNTING command converts strings to uppercase
unless they are enclosed in quotes.
3.2 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /ACCOUNT=(SALES, QA)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for the account names
SALES and QA.
2.$ ACCOUNTING /ACCOUNT=(-SALES, QA) /FULL
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a full report of all records except for the account
names SALES and QA.
4 /ADDRESS
Selects or rejects records for DECnet for OpenVMS requests made
by the specified nodes.
Format
/ADDRESS=([-]node_address[,...])
4.1 – Description
The /ADDRESS qualifier uses the value of the remote node address
field to select records for processing. This field is present
in all records except file backward link and file forward link
records. For records that contain information about DECnet for
OpenVMS requests, it contains the address of the node that made
the request.
The /ADDRESS qualifier selects only records with the specified
values in the remote node address field. If you precede the
values with a minus sign, it selects all records except those
with the specified values.
See also the /NODE and /REMOTE_ID qualifiers, which select or
reject records for DECnet for OpenVMS requests made by specified
node names and remote IDs respectively.
4.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /ADDRESS=19656
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for DECnet for OpenVMS
requests made by the node with the address 19656. (The decimal
equivalent of this address is 19.200.)
5 /BEFORE
Selects all records time-stamped before the specified time.
Format
/BEFORE[=time]
5.1 – Description
All records in an accounting file are time-stamped with the time
the record was logged in the file.
The /BEFORE qualifier selects only the records time-stamped
before the specified time. You can specify an absolute time, a
delta time, or a combination of the two. If you omit the time,
00:00 hours on the current day is used.
See also the /SINCE qualifier, which selects records time-stamped
at or after a specified time.
5.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /SINCE=1-NOV-2000 /BEFORE=1-DEC-2000
This example produces a brief report of all records time-
stamped in the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT during November
2000.
6 /BINARY
Copies the selected records to a new file in binary format.
Format
/BINARY
6.1 – Description
The /BINARY qualifier specifies that records are output in binary
format to the file specified by the /OUTPUT qualifier. (/OUTPUT
is Alpha-only, however.) Use the Accounting utility to process
this file later.
See also the /BRIEF, /FULL, and /SUMMARY qualifiers, which
process the selected records to produce a report.
You cannot use the /BINARY qualifier with the /BRIEF, /FULL,
or /SUMMARY qualifiers.
6.2 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /USER=SMITH /BINARY /OUTPUT=MYDISK:[ACCOUNTING]MYACC.DAT
This example creates the file MYDISK:[ACCOUNTING]MYACC.DAT.
It processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT, copying all
records for the user SMITH to the new file in binary format.
2.$ ACCOUNTING /TYPE=PRINT -
_$ /BINARY /OUTPUT=PRINT_INFO.DAT /REJECTED=NOT_PRINT_INFO.DAT
This example creates two files in the default directory,
PRINT_INFO.DAT and NOT_PRINT_INFO.DAT. It processes the
file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT, copying print records to
PRINT_INFO.DAT and other records to NOT_PRINT_INFO.DAT. These
records are in binary format.
7 /BRIEF
Produces a brief report of the selected records.
Format
/BRIEF (default)
7.1 – Description
The /BRIEF qualifier is the default. It produces a brief report
of the selected records. The report is directed to the current
SYS$OUTPUT device, unless you use the /OUTPUT qualifier to write
it to a file. (Note that /OUTPUT is Alpha-only.)
Each line of a brief report corresponds to a record in the
accounting file. It does not show resources used, but gives the
information shown in the following table about each record in the
accounting file.
Column Description
Date/Time When the record was logged in the accounting file.
Type The type of the record.
Subtype For records of type IMAGE, this is the name of
the image (the file name portion of its file
specification). For records of type PROCESS, it is
the type of the process (BATCH, DETACHED, INTERACTIVE,
NETWORK, or SUBPROCESS).
User The user name. For login failures where the user did
name not give a valid user name, this is shown as <login>.
ID The process identifier (PID). For print jobs, this is
the PID of the process that submitted the job.
Source The terminal associated with an interactive process or,
for DECnet for OpenVMS requests, the name of the node
that issued the request.
Status The final exit status code, expressed as a hexadecimal
value.
To translate the final exit status code into the equivalent
message text, use the F$MESSAGE lexical function, and precede
the status code with %X, as in this example:
$ MESSAGE = F$MESSAGE(%X00000001)
$ SHOW SYMBOL MESSAGE
MESSAGE = "%SYSTEM-S-NORMAL, normal successful completion"
See also the /BINARY qualifier, which copies the selected records
to a file, and the /FULL and /SUMMARY qualifiers, which produce
full and summary reports of the selected records.
You cannot use the /BRIEF qualifier with the /BINARY, /FULL,
or /SUMMARY qualifiers.
7.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING
This example produces a brief report of all records in the file
SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT.
8 /ENTRY
Selects or rejects records for print and batch jobs with the
specified queue entry numbers.
Format
/ENTRY=([-]entry_number[,...])
8.1 – Description
The /ENTRY qualifier uses the value of the queue entry number
field to select records for processing. This field is present
in all records except file backward link and file forward link
records. For records that contain information about print or
batch jobs, it contains the unique entry number assigned to the
job in the print or batch queue.
The /ENTRY qualifier selects only records that have the specified
values in the queue entry number field. If you precede the values
with a minus sign, it selects all records except those with the
specified values.
Each entry-number must be a decimal number of ten digits or less.
See also the /JOB and /QUEUE qualifiers, which select or reject
records for print and batch jobs with specified job and queue
names.
8.2 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /ENTRY=(211,212,213)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for print or batch jobs
with a queue entry number of 211, 212, or 213.
2.$ ACCOUNTING /ENTRY=(-25,50)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records except those for print
or batch jobs with a queue entry number of 25 or 50.
9 /FULL
Produces a full report of the selected records.
Format
/FULL
9.1 – Description
The /FULL qualifier produces a full report of the selected
records. The report is directed to the current SYS$OUTPUT device,
unless you use the /OUTPUT qualifier to write it to a file. (Note
that /OUTPUT is Alpha-only.)
Full reports display one screen of information for each selected
record. The information displayed, and the way that it is laid
out, depend on the type of the record and the data it contains.
The first line shows the event that caused the record to be
logged in the accounting file. For example, for a record that
was logged when an interactive process terminated, the first line
shows INTERACTIVE Process Termination.
For subprocesses, the Owner ID field shows the process identifier
(PID) of the parent process.
For records that contain information about DECnet for OpenVMS
requests, the three Remote fields identify the remote user and
remote node.
The Processor time field shows the total CPU time used. This
includes any vector CPU time used. The Vector CPU time field is
shown only if vector CPU time has been used.
Vector CPU time is the time that the process was scheduled on a
vector-present CPU while that process was a vector consumer. Note
that:
o When a process is a vector consumer, it accrues vector CPU
time when it is scheduled, even if it does not issue any
vector instructions.
o Processes that are scalar consumers or marginal vector
consumers do not accrue vector CPU time, even when they are
scheduled on vector-present CPUs.
The privilege is shown as two hexadecimal numbers that represent
the first and last 32 bits of the 64-bit privilege mask. To
translate the privilege bit mask into privileges, refer to the
definitions of the symbols that begin PRV$V_ in the $PRVDEF macro
in the STARLET library. For example, the $PRVDEF macro defines
the PRV$V_READALL symbol to equate to 35. This means that READALL
privilege is represented by bit 35 set in the privilege mask.
If you are processing only one file and you are displaying it on
your screen, when you do not want to look at any more records,
press Ctrl/Z to return to the DCL prompt.
See also the /BINARY qualifier, which copies the selected records
to a file, and the /BRIEF and /SUMMARY qualifiers, which produce
brief and summary reports of the selected records.
You cannot use the /FULL qualifier with the /BINARY, /BRIEF,
or /SUMMARY qualifiers.
9.2 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /FULL
This example displays a full report of all the records in the
file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. This example screen shows a
record that was logged when an interactive process terminated.
The interactive process was created when the user JONES at the
node HQ222 entered a SET HOST command to connect to the local
node.
INTERACTIVE Process Termination
-------------------------------
Username: FISH UIC: [DOC,FISH]
Account: DOC Finish time: 23-JAN-2000 15:21:23.83
Process ID: 20A0029B Start time: 23-JAN-2000 15:19:08.28
Owner ID: Elapsed time: 0 00:02:15.55
Terminal name: RTA2: Processor time: 0 00:00:04.14
Remote node addr: 63576 Priority: 4
Remote node name: HQ222 Privilege <31-00>: 00108000
Remote ID: JONES Privilege <63-32>: 00000000
Queue entry: Final status code: 00000001
Queue name:
Job name:
Final status text: %SYSTEM-S-NORMAL, normal successful completion
Page faults: 2043 Direct IO: 159
Page fault reads: 68 Buffered IO: 228
Peak working set: 852 Volumes mounted: 0
Peak page file: 5512 Images executed: 10
Vector CPU time: 0 00:00:0.54
Press RETURN for Next Record >
2.$ ACCOUNTING /FULL /OUTPUT=MYACC
This example creates the output file MYACC.LIS in the default
directory. It processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT,
writing a full report of all records to the new output file.
10 /IDENT
Selects or rejects records for the specified processes.
Format
/IDENT=([-]pid[,...])
10.1 – Description
The /IDENT qualifier uses the value of the process identifier
(PID) field to select records for processing. This field is
present in all records except file backward link and file forward
link records. For print job records, it contains the PID of the
process that submitted the job.
The /IDENT qualifier selects only records that have the specified
values in the PID field. If you precede the values with a minus
sign, it selects all records except those with the specified
values.
Each process-id must be a hexadecimal number of eight digits or
less.
See also the /OWNER qualifier, which selects or rejects records
for subprocesses created by specified processes.
10.2 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /IDENT=(25634,045A6B)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for processes with a PID
of 25634 or 045A6B.
2.$ ACCOUNTING /IDENT=(-25634,045A6B)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT.
It produces a brief report of all records except those for
processes with a PID of 25634 or 045A6B.
11 /IMAGE
Selects or rejects records for the specified images.
Format
/IMAGE=([-]image_name[,...])
11.1 – Description
The /IMAGE qualifier uses the value of the image name field to
select records for processing. This field is present only in
records of type IMAGE, and contains the name of the image.
Note that the system does not track records of type IMAGE
by default. To enable the tracking of IMAGE records, use the
SET ACCOUNTING command.
The /IMAGE qualifier selects only records that have the specified
values in the image name field. If you precede the values with
a minus sign, it selects all records except those with the
specified values.
Each image name is a string that gives the file name portion
of the image file specification. Do not include the device,
directory, or file type.
11.2 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /IMAGE=DIRECTORY
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for the DIRECTORY.EXE
image.
2.$ ACCOUNTING /IMAGE=-DIRECTORY
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records except those for the
DIRECTORY.EXE image.
12 /JOB
Selects or rejects records for print and batch jobs with the
specified job names.
Format
/JOB=([-]job_name[,...])
12.1 – Description
The /JOB qualifier uses the value of the job name field to select
records for processing. This field is present in all records
except file backward link and file forward link records. For
records that contain information about print and batch jobs, it
contains the name of the job.
The /JOB qualifier selects only records that have the specified
values in the job name field. If you precede the values with
a minus sign, it selects all records except those with the
specified values.
See also the /QUEUE and /ENTRY qualifiers, which select or reject
records for print and batch jobs with specified queue names and
queue entry numbers.
12.2 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /JOB=(MYJOB1,MYJOB2)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for print or batch jobs
named MYJOB1 or MYJOB2.
2.$ ACCOUNTING /JOB=(-MYJOB1,MYJOB2) /FULL
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a full report of all records except those for print or
batch jobs named MYJOB1 or MYJOB2.
13 /LOG
Outputs informational messages.
Format
/LOG
13.1 – Description
The /LOG qualifier outputs these informational messages to the
current SYS$OUTPUT device:
o For each file processed, the name of the file and the number
of records selected and rejected from that file
o If you use the /SORT qualifier, the total number of records
merged in the sort (this is the total number of records
selected from all the files that were processed)
o If you process more than one file, the total number of files
that were processed, and the total number of records selected
and rejected
13.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING MYFILE1.DAT,MYFILE2.DAT /TYPE=PRINT /SORT=USER /OUTPUT=OUTFILE
%ACC-I-INPUT, SYS$SYSROOT:[SYSMGR]MYFILE1.DAT;7, 297 selected,
16460 rejected
%ACC-I-INPUT, SYS$SYSROOT:[SYSMGR]MYFILE2.DAT;13,302 selected,
16388 rejected
%ACC-I-MERGE, 599 records to be merged
%ACC-I-TOTAL, 599 selected, 32848 rejected, 2 input files
This example processes two accounting files. It writes a brief
report of all the records for print jobs, sorted in user name
order, to an output file and displays informational messages
that tell you which files were processed and how many records
were selected and rejected.
14 /NODE
Selects or rejects records for DECnet for OpenVMS requests made
by the specified nodes.
Format
/NODE=([-]node_name[,...])
14.1 – Description
The /NODE qualifier uses the value of the remote node name field
to select records for processing. This field is present in all
records except file backward link and file forward link records.
For records that contain information about DECnet for OpenVMS
requests, it contains the name of the node that made the request.
The /NODE qualifier selects only records that have the specified
values in the remote node name field. If you precede the values
with a minus sign, it selects all records except those with the
specified values.
Do not include the double colon (::) after the name of the node.
See also the /ADDRESS and /REMOTE_ID qualifiers, which select or
reject records for DECnet for OpenVMS requests made by specified
node addresses and remote IDs respectively.
14.2 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /NODE=HQ291 /FULL
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a full report of all records for DECnet for OpenVMS
requests made by the node HQ291.
2.$ ACCOUNTING /NODE=(-HQ222,HQ223)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records except those for DECnet
for OpenVMS requests made by the nodes HQ222 or HQ223.
15 /OUTPUT
Specifies the output file.
Requires read and write access to the directory in which the
output file is created.
Format
/OUTPUT[=filespec]
15.1 – Description
The /OUTPUT qualifier creates the specified output file and
writes the report or copies the selected records to that file.
If you omit the /OUTPUT qualifier, or you use the /OUTPUT
qualifier and omit the file specification, the report or selected
records are output to the current SYS$OUTPUT device.
If the file specification does not include the device or
directory name, your current default device or directory is used.
If you omit the file name, the file name of the first input file
is used (the first file listed in the parameter to the ACCOUNTING
command). If you omit the file type, the default file type is
.LIS if you are producing reports, and .DAT if you are copying
records.
15.2 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING MYFILE1.DAT,MYFILE2.DAT /SORT=USER /BINARY /OUTPUT=.NEW
This example creates the output file MYFILE1.NEW in the default
directory. It processes two accounting files, MYFILE1.DAT and
MYFILE2.DAT, sorting their records in user name order, then
copies these records to the new output file.
2.$ ACCOUNTING MYFILE1.NEW /FULL
/OUTPUT=MYDISK:[ACCOUNTING]STAT
This example creates the output file
MYDISK:[ACCOUNTING]STAT.LIS, and writes a full report of all
the records in MYFILE1.NEW to the new output file.
16 /OWNER
Selects or rejects records for subprocesses created by the
specified processes.
Format
/OWNER=([-]owner_pid[,...])
16.1 – Description
The /OWNER qualifier uses the value of the process owner field
to select records for processing. This field is present in all
records except file backward link and file forward link records.
For a subprocess, this field contains the process identifier
(PID) of the process that created it.
The /OWNER qualifier selects only records that have the specified
values in the process owner field. If you precede the values
with a minus sign, it selects all records except those with the
specified values.
Each owner-process-id must be a hexadecimal number of eight
digits or less.
See also the /IDENT qualifier, which selects or rejects records
for specified processes.
16.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /OWNER=(25634,045A6B)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for subprocesses created
by processes with a PID of 25634 or 045A6B.
17 /PRIORITY
Selects or rejects records for the specified priority.
Format
/PRIORITY=([-]priority[,...])
17.1 – Description
The /PRIORITY qualifier uses the value of the priority field
to select records for processing. This field is present in all
records except file backward link and file forward link records.
For print and batch job records, this field contains the priority
of the job in the print or batch queue. For other records, it
contains the base process priority.
The /PRIORITY qualifier selects only records that have the
specified values in the priority field. If you precede the values
with a minus sign, it selects all records except those with the
specified values.
Each priority must be a decimal number.
17.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /PRIORITY=3
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for processes with a
base priority of 3 and for print and batch jobs with a queue
priority of 3.
18 /PROCESS
Selects or rejects records for the specified types of process.
Format
/PROCESS=([-]process_type[,...])
18.1 – Keyword
process_type[,...]
Specifies which types of process you want to select or reject.
The following table shows the keywords available:
Keyword Type of Process
BATCH Batch process
DETACHED Detached process
INTERACTIVE Interactive process
NETWORK Network process
SUBPROCESS Subprocess of any of the other process types
18.2 – Description
The /PROCESS qualifier uses the value of the process type field
to select records for processing. This field is present only
in records of type IMAGE and type PROCESS. For records of type
IMAGE, this field contains the type of the process in which the
image was executed.
The /PROCESS qualifier selects only records that match the
specified types of process. If you precede the list with a minus
sign, it selects all records except those for the specified types
of process.
See also the /TYPE qualifier, which selects or rejects specified
types of record.
18.3 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /TYPE=IMAGE /PROCESS=INTERACTIVE /FULL
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a full report of the resources used by images running
in interactive processes.
19 /QUEUE
Selects or rejects records for print or batch jobs executed by
the specified queues.
Format
/QUEUE=([-]queue_name[,...])
19.1 – Description
The /QUEUE qualifier uses the value of the queue name field
to select records for processing. This field is present in all
records except file backward link and file forward link records.
For records that contain information about print or batch jobs,
it contains the name of the queue that executed the job.
The /QUEUE qualifier selects only records that have the specified
values in the queue name field. If you precede the values with
a minus sign, it selects all records except those with the
specified values.
See also the /JOB and /ENTRY qualifiers.
19.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /QUEUE=SYS$MYNODE_BATCH
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for jobs executed by the
SYS$MYNODE_BATCH queue.
20 /REJECTED
Copies the rejected records to a new file.
Requires read and write access to the directory in which the
specified file is created.
Format
/REJECTED=filespec
20.1 – Description
The /REJECTED qualifier creates the specified file, then copies
the records that do not match your selection criteria to this
file in binary format. Use the Accounting utility to process this
file later.
If the file specification does not include the device or
directory name, your current default device or directory is used.
If you omit the file name, the file name of the first input file
is used (the first file listed in the parameter to the ACCOUNTING
command). If you omit the file type, .REJ is used.
20.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /TYPE=PRINT /BINARY /OUTPUT=PRINT_INFO.DAT -
_$ /REJECTED=NOT_PRINT_INFO.DAT
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
creates two files, PRINT_INFO.DAT and NOT_PRINT_INFO.DAT, in
the default directory. It copies print job records to PRINT_
INFO.DAT and all other records to NOT_PRINT_INFO.DAT.
21 /REMOTE_ID
Selects or rejects records for DECnet for OpenVMS requests made
by the specified remote IDs.
Format
/REMOTE_ID=([-]remote_id[,...])
21.1 – Description
The /REMOTE_ID qualifier uses the value of the remote ID field
to select records for processing. This field is present in all
records except file backward link and file forward link records.
For records that contain information about DECnet for OpenVMS
requests, this field contains a string that identifies the user
who made the request. If the remote process was on an OpenVMS
node, this is the user name of the user at the remote node.
The /REMOTE_ID qualifier selects only records that have the
specified values in the remote ID field. If you precede the
values with a minus sign, it selects all records except those
with the specified values.
See also the /NODE and /ADDRESS qualifiers, which select or
reject records for DECnet for OpenVMS requests made by nodes
with specified names and addresses respectively.
21.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /NODE=HQ223 /REMOTE_ID=SMITH /FULL
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT.
It produces a full report of all the records for DECnet for
OpenVMS requests made by user SMITH at the node HQ223.
22 /REPORT
Specifies the resources that you want to summarize in a summary
report.
Format
/REPORT[=(resource[,...])]
22.1 – Keyword
resource[,...]
Specifies the resources that you want to summarize in the report.
The following table shows the keywords available.
Keyword Description How Summarized
BUFFERED_IO Number of buffered Total
I/Os
DIRECT_IO Number of direct Total
I/Os
ELAPSED, Elapsed time Total
EXECUTION Number of images run Total
by the process
FAULTS Number of hard and Total
soft page faults
GETS Number of GETs from Total
the file that was
printed
PAGE_FILE Page file usage Maximum
PAGE_READS Number of hard page Total
faults
PAGES Number of pages Total
printed
PROCESSOR Total CPU time used Total
QIOS Number of QIOs to Total
the printer
RECORDS Number of accounting Total
file records
processed
VECTOR_ Vector CPU time Total
PROCESSOR used (see the
description of the
/FULL qualifier for
further details)
VOLUMES Number of volumes Total
mounted
WORKING_SET Working set size Maximum
The RECORDS keyword is the default if you omit either the
keywords or the /REPORT qualifier. It gives the total number
of records for each summary key value.
22.2 – Description
The /REPORT qualifier specifies the resources that you want to
summarize in a summary report. The resources are summarized,
either as totals or maximum values, for each summary key value
specified by the /SUMMARY qualifier.
When a record is processed that does not contain the specified
resource field, a default value of 0 is used. For example, if you
use the PAGES keyword to summarize the total pages printed, the
value of 0 is used for each record that is not of type PRINT.
Note that the resource usage data stored in records of type IMAGE
is a subset of the data stored in records of type PROCESS. For
example, the CPU time stored in a record of type PROCESS includes
the CPU time used by the images executed by that process. To
make sure that you do not count the same resource data twice when
you are summarizing process resources by totals, use the /TYPE
qualifier to exclude records of type IMAGE.
You cannot use the /REPORT qualifier without the /SUMMARY
qualifier.
22.3 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /SUMMARY=IMAGE /REPORT=(RECORDS,PROCESSOR)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a summary report that shows for each image the number
of times it was executed and the total CPU time consumed.
2.$ ACCOUNTING /TYPE=-IMAGE /SUMMARY=USER /REPORT=EXECUTION
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a summary report that shows the total number of images
executed by each user. Notice the use of the /TYPE qualifier to
exclude records of type IMAGE to avoid double counting.
23 /SINCE
Selects all records time-stamped at or after the specified time.
Format
/SINCE[=time]
23.1 – Description
All records in an accounting file are time-stamped with the time
the record was logged in the file.
The /SINCE qualifier selects only the records time-stamped on or
after the specified time. You can specify an absolute time, delta
time, or a combination of the two. If you omit the time, 00:00
hours on the current day is used.
See also the /BEFORE qualifier, which selects records time-
stamped before a specified time.
23.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /SINCE=5-JAN-2000
This example produces a brief report of all records
time-stamped at or after 5-JAN-2000 in the file
SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT.
24 /SORT
Sorts the selected records.
Format
/SORT[=([-]sort_field[,...])]
24.1 – Keyword
sort_field[,...]
Specifies the sort key.
The following table shows the keywords available. You can specify
up to ten sort fields.
Keyword Sorts on This Field
ACCOUNT Account
ADDRESS Address of the node that made the DECnet for
OpenVMS request
BUFFERED_IO Number of buffered I/Os
DIRECT_IO Number of direct I/Os
ELAPSED Elapsed time
ENTRY Print or batch job queue entry number
EXECUTION Number of images run by the process
FAULTS Number of hard and soft page faults
FINISHED Time record was logged in the accounting file
GETS Number of GETs from the file that was printed
IDENT Process identifier (PID)
IMAGE Image name (sorts only on file name portion of
the image file specification)
JOB Name of print or batch job
NODE Name of the node that made the DECnet for
OpenVMS request
OWNER PID of parent process
PAGE_FILE Peak page file usage
PAGE_READS Number of hard page faults
PAGES Number of pages printed
PRIORITY Base process priority, or print or batch queue
priority
PROCESS Type of process
PROCESSOR Total CPU time used
QIOS Number of QIOs to the printer
QUEUE Name of print or batch queue
QUEUED Time print job was queued
STARTED Start time
STATUS Final exit status code
TERMINAL Terminal name
TYPE Type of record
UIC User identification code
USER User name at local node
VECTOR_ Vector CPU time (see the description of the
PROCESSOR /FULL qualifier for further details)
VOLUMES Number of volumes mounted
WORKING_SET Peak working set size
For each keyword, see the description of the corresponding
Accounting utility qualifier or the table in the /TYPE qualifier
section for details of the types of record in which the
corresponding field is present.
24.2 – Description
The /SORT qualifier merges the selected records from each
input file (each file listed in the parameter to the ACCOUNTING
command) and sorts them using the specified sort key. The records
are sorted according to the value of the first sort field in the
list, and when two or more records have the same value in this
field, they are sorted by the value of the second sort field in
the list, and so on.
The records are sorted in ascending order of the sort field
value. If the keyword is preceded by a minus sign, the records
are sorted in descending order.
When you use the /SORT qualifier, records are rejected if they do
not contain the sort field. For example, /SORT=IMAGE rejects all
records that are not of type IMAGE, because the image name field
is only present in records of type IMAGE. Similarly, /SORT=PAGES
rejects all records except those for print jobs.
You cannot use the /SORT qualifier with the /SUMMARY qualifier.
24.3 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /TYPE=PRINT /SORT=USER
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all the records for print jobs and
displays them in user name order.
The following example shows the report that is produced:
Date / Time Type Subtype Username ID Source Status
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
4-JAN-2000 09:53:05 PRINT BROWN 20A00193 00040001
13-JAN-2000 13:36:04 PRINT BROWN 20A00442 00000001
13-JAN-2000 12:42:37 PRINT BROWN 20A00442 00000001
13-JAN-2000 14:43:56 PRINT DECNET_MAIL 20A00456 00000001
14-JAN-2000 19:39:01 PRINT DECNET_MAIL 20A00265 00000001
14-JAN-2000 20:09:03 PRINT DECNET_MAIL 20A00127 00000001
14-JAN-2000 20:34:45 PRINT DECNET_MAIL 20A00127 00000001
14-JAN-2000 11:23:34 PRINT FISH 20A0032E 00040001
14-JAN-2000 16:43:16 PRINT JONES 20A00070 00040001
14-JAN-2000 09:30:21 PRINT SMITH 20A00530 00040001
2.$ ACCOUNTING MYFILE1.DAT,MYFILE2.DAT /SORT=IMAGE -
_$ /FULL /REJECTED=NON_IMAGE.DAT
This example processes two files, MYFILE1.DAT and MYFILE2.DAT,
to produce a full report of records of type IMAGE, sorted in
image name order. It creates the file NON_IMAGE.DAT, and copies
all records except those of type IMAGE to that file. Notice
that no selection qualifiers are used, and so all records are
selected for processing. When the records are sorted, records
that do not contain an image name are rejected.
25 /STATUS
Selects or rejects records with the specified final exit status
codes.
Format
/STATUS=([-]status_code[,...])
25.1 – Description
The /STATUS qualifier uses the value of the final status code
field to select records for processing. This field is present
in all records except records of type USER, file backward link
records, and file forward link records.
The /STATUS qualifier selects only records that have the
specified values in the final status code field. If you precede
the values with a minus sign, it selects all records except those
with the specified values.
See the description of the /BRIEF qualifier for details of how to
convert a final exit status code to the equivalent message text.
Each status-code must be a hexadecimal number of eight digits or
less.
25.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /STATUS=10D38064
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records with a final exit status
code of 10D38064.
26 /SUMMARY
Produces a summary report of the selected records.
Format
/SUMMARY[=(summary_item[,...])]
26.1 – Keyword
summary_item[,...]
Specifies the summary key. The following table lists keywords:
Keyword Description
ACCOUNT Account
DATE Date
DAY Day of month (1-31)
HOUR Hour of day (0-23)
IMAGE Image name (file name portion of image file
specification)
JOB Name of print or batch job
MONTH Month of year (1-12)
NODE Name of the node that issued the DECnet for OpenVMS
request
PROCESS Process type
QUEUE Print or batch job queue name
TERMINAL Terminal name
TYPE Record type
UIC User identification code
USER User name
WEEKDAY Day of week (0=Sunday, 1=Monday, and so on)
YEAR Year
If you omit these keywords, the user name is used as the summary
key.
26.2 – Description
The /SUMMARY qualifier produces a summary report of the selected
records. The report is directed to the current SYS$OUTPUT device,
unless you use the /OUTPUT qualifier to write it to a file.
Summary reports give statistical summaries of the resources
specified by the /REPORT qualifier for each value of the summary
key specified by the /SUMMARY qualifier. If you omit the /REPORT
qualifier, the summary report gives the total number of records
processed for each summary key value.
The first line of the summary report shows the time span of the
data processed (when the first and last records processed were
logged in the input files), with a title in the middle. You can
use the /TITLE qualifier to specify your own title.
The next few lines of the report are column headings. There
is one column for each summary_item, then one column for each
resource specified by the /REPORT qualifier. The columns are laid
out in the same left-to-right sequence as the equivalent keywords
in the /SUMMARY and /REPORT qualifiers.
The rest of the report uses one line for each summary key value.
It gives a summary of the resources associated with that summary
key value. The data is sorted in ascending order of the summary
key value.
See also the /BINARY qualifier, which copies the selected records
to a file, and the /BRIEF and /FULL qualifiers, which produce
brief and full reports of the selected records.
You cannot use the /SUMMARY qualifier with the /BINARY, /BRIEF,
or /FULL qualifiers.
26.3 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /TYPE=PRINT /SUMMARY=USER /REPORT=(PAGES,RECORDS)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT.
It processes all the print job records and produces a summary
report that shows, for each user, the total number of pages
printed and the number of records that were added together to
produce this total. This is an example of the report that is
produced:
From: 12-JAN-2000 15:55 VAX/VMS Accounting Report To: 15-JAN-2000 15:17
Username Pages Total
Printed Records
-------------------------------
BROWN 115 2
CROW 3 1
CUTHBERT 20 4
FOSTER 46 1
SMITH 50 3
WHITE 50 7
2.$ ACCOUNTING /SUMMARY=IMAGE /REPORT=(PROCESSOR,RECORDS)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a summary report that shows the total CPU time used by
each image. This is an example of the report that is produced:
From: 12-JAN-2000 15:55 VAX/VMS Accounting Report To: 15-JAN-2000 15:17
Image name Processor Total
Time Records
-------------------------------------
0 00:09:09.83 51
ACC 0 00:01:36.72 99
AUTHORIZE 0 00:00:04.17 8
CDU 0 00:00:33.25 21
COPY 0 00:00:05.97 30
DELETE 0 00:00:02.79 12
DIRECTORY 0 00:00:09.67 38
DUMP 0 00:00:04.51 3
EDT 0 00:00:05.85 7
LOGINOUT 0 00:04:03.48 75
NETSERVER 0 00:00:00.63 23
SHOW 0 00:00:04.80 22
27 /TERMINAL
Selects or rejects records for interactive sessions at the
specified terminals.
Format
/TERMINAL=([-]terminal_name[,...])
27.1 – Description
The /TERMINAL qualifier uses the value of the terminal name field
to select records for processing. This field is present in all
records except file backward link and file forward link records.
For records that contain information about interactive sessions,
this field contains the name of the terminal associated with the
session.
The /TERMINAL qualifier selects only records that have the
specified values in the terminal name field. If you precede the
values with a minus sign, it selects all records except those
with the specified values.
Give the terminal name as the standard device name and include
the colon (:).
27.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /TERMINAL=TTB3:
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for interactive sessions
at the terminal TTB3.
28 /TITLE
Specifies the title shown on the first line of a summary report.
Format
/TITLE=title
28.1 – Description
The /TITLE qualifier specifies the title shown in the center of
the first line of summary reports. The title is truncated if it
is too long. For reports displayed on your screen, the title is
truncated if it is longer than (W-56) characters, where W is the
width (in characters) of your screen.
28.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /SUMMARY=IMAGE /TITLE="June Accounting Report"
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a summary report that shows the number of times each
image was executed. The title "June Accounting Report" appears
at the top of the report.
29 /TYPE
Selects or rejects the specified types of record.
Format
/TYPE=([-]record_type[,...])
29.1 – Keyword
record_type[,...]
Specifies the types of record that you want to select or reject.
The following table shows the keywords available.
Type of
Keyword Record Description of Record
FILE FILE_BL File backward link. This is the first record
in the accounting file. It is logged when the
file is created, and contains the name of the
previous accounting file.
FILE_FL File forward link. This is the last record
in the file. It is logged when the file is
closed, and contains the name of the next
accounting file.
IMAGE IMAGE Image termination. It contains details of the
resources used by the image.
LOGFAIL LOGFAIL Failed attempt to log in. It contains details
of the resources used by the login attempt.
PRINT PRINT Print job termination. It contains details of
the resources used by the print job.
PROCESS PROCESS Process termination. It contains details of
the resources used by the process. Note that
this includes the resources used by the images
executed by that process.
SYSINIT SYSINIT System booted. It contains details of
resources used to boot the system.
UNKNOWN Record not recognized as one of the other
types in this table.
USER USER Record logged by a program calling the $SNDJBC
system service to send an accounting message.
29.2 – Description
All records in an accounting file contain a type field that
contains the type of the record.
The /TYPE qualifier selects the specified types of record. If you
precede the list with a minus sign, it selects all records except
those specified.
See also the /PROCESS qualifier, which selects or rejects records
for particular types of process.
29.3 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /TYPE=PRINT
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for print jobs.
$ ACCOUNTING /TYPE=-PRINT
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records except those for print
jobs.
30 /UIC
Selects or rejects records for the specified UICs.
Format
/UIC=([-]uic[,...])
30.1 – Description
The /UIC qualifier uses the value of the UIC field to select
records for processing. This field is present in all records
except file backward link and file forward link records. It
contains the value [SYSTEM] for login failure records where the
user did not give a valid user name.
The /UIC qualifier selects only records that have the specified
values in the UIC field. If you precede the values with a minus
sign enclosed in parentheses and followed by a comma, all records
except those with the specified values are selected.
You can specify the UIC in numeric or alphanumeric format, and
can use the asterisk (*) wildcard character.
30.2 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /UIC=([360,*],[ADMIN,COTTON])
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT.
It produces a brief report of all records for users in group
number 360 or users whose UIC is [ADMIN,COTTON].
31 /USER
Selects or rejects records for the specified user names.
Format
/USER=([-]user name[,...])
31.1 – Description
The /USER qualifier uses the value of the user name field to
select records for processing. This field is present in all
records except file backward link and file forward link records.
It contains the value <login> for login failure records where the
user did not give a valid user name.
The /USER qualifier selects only records that have the specified
values in the user name field. If you precede the values with
a minus sign, it selects all records except those with the
specified values.
31.2 – Examples
1.$ ACCOUNTING /USER=SMITH
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all records for the user SMITH.
2.$ ACCOUNTING /USER=(-SMITH,JONES)
This example processes the file SYS$MANAGER:ACCOUNTNG.DAT. It
produces a brief report of all the records except for those of
the users SMITH and JONES.
32 /WIDE
Changes the width of Buffered I/O and Direct I/O fields in a
report from 8 to 10 characters
Format
/WIDE
32.1 – Description
This qualifier corrects a problem that users have had with
ACCOUNTING reports: the Buffered I/O and Direct I/O fields were
too small and displayed asterisks (*) when numbers exceeded 8
characters.
The /WIDE qualifier changes the widths of the Buffered I/O and
Direct I/O fields in reports to 10 characters.
32.2 – Example
$ ACCOUNTING /PROC=BATCH /TYP=PROC -
/REPORT=(RECORDS,PROCESSOR,DIRECT_IO,BUFFER) -
/SUMM=MONTH /SIN=1-JAN /WIDE
MM TOTAL PROCESSOR DIRECT BUFFERED
RECORDS TIME I/O I/O
------------------------------------------------------
01 2043 19 06:52:40.97 532675222 551986091
02 1767 9 00:14:34.00 183290432 420000532
------------------------------------------------------
Without the /WIDE qualifier, the Direct I/O or Buffered I/O
fields print ***** if the field overflows. With the /WIDE
qualifier, these fields print correctly.