There are two major uses of the address type symbols. First, the EXAMINE command employs them to find the value of a known symbol. For example, EXAMINE CTL$GL_PCB finds the PCB for the current process. Then, certain SDA commands (such as EXAMINE, SHOW STACK, and FORMAT) use them to symbolize addresses when generating output. When the code for one of these commands needs a symbol for an address, it calls the SDA symbolize routine. The symbolize routine tries to find the symbol in the symbol table whose address is closest to, but not greater than the requested address. This means, for any given address, the routine may return a symbol of the form symbol_name+offset. If, however, the offset is greater than 0FFF(16), it fails to find a symbol for the address. As a last resort, the symbolize routine checks to see if this address falls within a known memory range. Currently, the only known memory ranges are those used by the OpenVMS executive images and those used by active images in a process. SDA searches through the executive loaded image list (LDRIMG data structure) and activated image list (IMCB data structures) to see if the address falls within any of the image sections. If SDA does find a match, it returns one of the following types of symbols: executive_image_name+offset activated_image_name+offset The offset is the same as the image offset as defined in the map file. The constants in the SDA symbol table are usually used to display a data structure with the FORMAT command. For example, the PHD offsets are defined in SYSDEF.STB; you can display all the fields of the PHD by entering the following commands: SDA> READ SDA$READ_DIR:SYSDEF.STB SDA> FORMAT/TYPE=PHD phd_address